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What is the phenomenon of global warming and what are its causes?
After the Industrial Revolution, overall global warming increased by more than one degree Celsius. Between 1880, the year in which records were kept, until 1980, global temperatures rose by an average of 0.07 degrees Celsius every 10 years. After 1981, however, the temperature more than doubled. Over the past 40 years, we have seen an annual increase in global warming of 0.18 degrees Celsius every decade.
The result is that the earth has never been so hot. Nine of the 10 years that were considered the hottest years since 1880 have occurred since 2005. The 5 years that have been recorded as the hottest years have also been after 2015. Those who deny climate change believe that there has been an interruption or slowdown in the situation, but all research and reports show otherwise.
Researchers have now concluded that in order for not all people’s lives to be at their worst in the future, we need to increase global warming to 1.5 degrees Celsius by 2040.
There are different causes of global warming, but we can mention the following:
Global warming occurs when carbon dioxide and other air pollutants accumulate in the atmosphere and absorb sunlight and radiation, reflecting it to the outermost surface of the earth. Normally this radiation enters the atmosphere, but these pollutants, which can remain in the atmosphere for 10 centuries, trap the heat and cause the earth to become constantly warmer. These pollutants that cause heat retention – especially carbon dioxide, methane, nitrogen vapour, water vapour and synthetic fluorine gases – are known as greenhouse gases and their effect is also known as the greenhouse effect.
Jobs that increase greenhouse gas emissions include deforestation and deforestation, declining forest area for whatever reason, population growth, GDP, fossil fuel consumption, and high demand for livestock.
What is the difference between heating and climate change?
Although the main axis in global warming is warmth and more heat, the issue is not so simple and in all respects does not end with global warming in all seasons. Although global warming is helping to reduce snowfall, winters are getting colder and harder. In this way, the previous air patterns are repeated with different intensities. Hot air is replaced by extremely cold polar air with greater intensity and speed, and this is followed by severe cold in a short time.
In addition, there are changes in the climate of the regions and rainfall that have not been common before. For example, severe storms, droughts, floods, overheating in areas that have always been temperate, and over-cooling in areas that have always been warm.
Both natural and man-made causes of climate change are known. Climate change has always been happening on Earth, but it becomes dangerous when its speed and intensity get out of control. Greenhouse gases that retain heat in the atmosphere and reflect it are one of the main causes of climate change and in the meantime, human activities intensify these gases. In addition, factors such as deforestation change the amount of sunlight reflected from the ground to space and exacerbate this deterioration.
What are the effects of global warming?
Through extensive study, researchers have been able to link many climatic and climatic problems to global warming. In 2015, for example, they found that 15 to 20 percent of the water shortages that occurred in California, one of the worst in 1,200 years, were due to global warming.
Or the ocean water temperature is rising day by day, which means that tropical storms will be much stronger if they occur. In other words, global warming can turn 3 types of storms into 4 of the most dangerous storms. In fact, researchers have found that even the number of severe storms in North Atlanta, which have been rising since 1980, could be the fifth most dangerous of the four types of hurricanes caused by global warming. Records for the 2020 Atlantic hurricane season show that 30 tropical storms, 6 major hurricanes, and 13 hurricanes occurred in series, with casualties and financial losses. If we generalize the same category of events around the world, we will find that the disasters related to the climate and climate of each region; To a good extent can be affected by global warming.
Other effects of global warming include:
- Disappearance of glaciers
- Rising sea levels
- Facing farms, forests and cities with new pests
- Thunderstorms and destructive water flow
- Disruption of natural habitats and extinction of animal and plant species
- Increased asthma, allergies and infectious diseases
Although we are all affected by global warming, it will not be the same for everyone. Indigenous peoples and marginalized people will suffer the most from global warming. Imbalance and inequality between these people and other people in areas such as home, sanitation and laboratory facilities make such people more vulnerable to global warming, even if these people have the least role in increasing it.
What is the role of air conditioning in global warming?
Air conditioning systems can be one of the top partners in the field of global warming. The hotter the air, the more dependent we become on air conditioners and the more we use them. One of the accomplices in the mass production of carbon dioxide is hydrofluorocarbon refrigerant (HFC) refrigerants, which are chemical compounds used to keep the environment cool in the summer. Although not long after the invention of air conditioning systems, the refrigerant effect of this system on the environment is a thousand times stronger than carbon dioxide.
To control the harms of hydrofluorocarbon refrigerants, representatives from nearly 200 countries have signed an environmental agreement that seeks to prevent the negative effects of such refrigerants. Banning all hydrofluorocarbon refrigerants will reduce global warming to 0.4 degrees Celsius by the end of the century. Similarly, in order to reduce global warming, air conditioners need to use non-polluting refrigerants.
While new rules have been laid down for air conditioners based on the type of refrigerants, old air conditioners pose a serious threat to the environment. These previous models, which do not have high energy efficiency and are still used, pose a serious threat to the Earth, as their refrigerants are harmful to the ozone layer. There is no choice, because these old models did not need to take into account environmental concerns in their production, and little attention has been paid to their function in their production.
Alternative technologies for air conditioning to prevent heating damage
Since the industry today is concerned with the production of air conditioning systems for global warming and the minimal use of pollutants, there are cases as an alternative in this industry. For example innovative, sustainable air conditioning systems, highly efficient systems, intelligence, equipped with a thermostat for which programming is defined.
The use of less and less renewable energy in air conditioning systems is directly related to the reduction of harmful activities. Also, the introduction of safe refrigerants in modern air conditioning systems leads to the preservation of the ozone layer. Burning fossil fuels to generate electricity can also produce harmful greenhouse gases, while the latest models of air conditioning systems are designed to use renewable energy sources to reduce or even eliminate greenhouse gas emissions.
